رویکردی جامع در بررسی نقش قوانین مرتبط با انتقال فناوری در قراردادهای همکاری مشترک خارجی (مورد مطالعه شرکت اُمیاپارس)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

هیئت علمی دانشکده حسابداری و مدیریت دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

چکیده

یکی از مهم ‌ترین راه‌‌های میانبر جهت دستیابی به فناوری موردنیاز در کشورهای درحال‌توسعه مانند ایران انتقال فناوری است. بااین ­وجود، بسیاری از پروژه­ های انتقال فناوری خارجی تعریف‌شده در تحقق اهداف دانشی مدنظر خود با چالش‌های جدی مواجه هستند. براین‌اساس تدوین قوانین هوشمندانه، تسهیل‌کننده و متناسب با ویژگی‌های هر کشور، یکی از راهکارهای ارتقای سطح انتقال فناوری به کشورها است. در پژوهش حاضر ابتدا با مرور پیشینه نظری و بررسی قوانین ایران و 3 کشور منتخب، چالش‌های انتقال فناوری به 4 گروه اصلی عوامل مرتبط با واگذارنده، گیرنده، بستر و فرآیند و محتوای موردانتقال طبقه‌بندی شدند. سپس با هدف تحلیل عمیق چالش‌ها، گردآوری و تحلیل داده‌های کیفی ناشی از مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختار‌یافته با 10 نفر از خبرگان صنعتی و علمی صورت پذیرفت. در ادامه، قوانین سه کشور منتخب چین، کره جنوبی و ترکیه با استفاده از تحلیل مضمون بررسی شد و در نهایت چالش‌های مرتبط با نمونه موردی شرکت مشترک اُمیاپارس - که حاصل سرمایه‌گذاری مشترک شرکت ایران پودر و شرکت بین‌المللی اُمیا است - بررسی شد و به تبیین کامل‌تر چارچوب مورداشاره کمک نمود. براین‌اساس ضرورت نگاه جامع و زمینه‌محور به مقوله انتقال فناوری، تمرکز مشوق‌ها بر ارتباطات فناورانه عمیق، قوانین تقویت ­کننده توانمندی و انگیزه شرکت‌های داخلی جهت یادگیری فناوری و یکپارچه‌سازی قوانین مرتبط با انتقال فناوری به­ عنوان مهم ‌ترین یافته‌های پژوهش شناسایی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comprehensive Approach to Reviewing the Role of Laws on Technology Transfer in Foreign Collaboration Contracts (The Case Study: Omia Pars Company)

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohammad Naghizadeh
چکیده [English]

One of the main shortcuts to acquire necessary technologies in developing countries such as Iran is technology transfer. However, many technology transfer projects have significant challenges in achieving their knowledge objectives. Thus, formulating smart and facilitating laws that are consistent with the context of each country is a solution to improve the quality of technology transfer in these countries. In this research, the challenges of technology transfer are identified through literature review and the comparative study of the related laws in Iran and three other selected countries and then classified into four groups including factors relating to the transferee, transferor, context, and also process and content. Then, with the purpose of in-depth analysis of the challenges, the collection and analysis of qualitative data fulfilled through semi-structured interviews with 10 scientific and industrial experts. Next the laws of three selected countries i.e. China, South Korea and Turkey were reviewed using the thematic analysis and finally the challenges were investigated in the case of Omia Pars joint venture to explain the framework more comprehensively. The findings highlight the necessity of a comprehensive and context-based approach to technology transfer, incentives that focus on deep technological relations and laws that fortify the capabilities and motivations of local firms to improve technological learning as well as the integration of technology transfer laws.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Technology Transfer
  • International Contracts
  • Thematic Analysis
  • Laws
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