Iranian Research Organisation for Science and Technology Journal of Technology Development Management 2008-5060 10 2 2022 08 23 Identifying and Weighting Open R&D Challenges in the Field of Emerging Technologies (Case study: Nanotechnology) Identifying and Weighting Open R&D Challenges in the Field of Emerging Technologies (Case study: Nanotechnology) 9 50 1244 10.22104/jtdm.2023.5294.2908 FA Sima Asadi Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Technology Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, South Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 0009-0004-0644-3256 Manouchehr Manteghi Faculty Member, Faculty of Management and Industrial Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. Visiting Lecturer, Department of Technology Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, South Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0003-1839-0994 Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy Faculty Member, Faculty of Management and Economic, Science And Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0003-3582-4934 Journal Article 2021 11 07 Emerging technologies are drivers for scientific and economic leaps. Due to their characteristics, their development requires cooperation with domestic and foreign research networks. One of the appropriate strategies for acquiring this type of technology is to use an open R&D approach. Identifying executive and management challenges beforehand is a requirement for the effectiveness and efficiency of this method. This paper aims to identify and weigh the challenges of an open R&D approach for the acquisition of emerging nanotechnology technology in Iran. After performing library studies, 29 challenges were extracted from internal and external sources. During the three staged surveys conducted by the fuzzy Delphi method, 25 challenges were selected in three categories (internal, external, integrated) and by weighed Shannon entropy method, a comparison study was made with six related studies. Finally, some strategies were advised. Findings indicate the importance of the challenge of "lack of protection of intellectual property" and the identification of four challenges of "maintaining a balance between R&D cooperation, internal and external, inability to control, lack of convergence of research, strategy inconsistency" that less research has addressed. Emerging technologies are drivers for scientific and economic leaps. Due to their characteristics, their development requires cooperation with domestic and foreign research networks. One of the appropriate strategies for acquiring this type of technology is to use an open R&D approach. Identifying executive and management challenges beforehand is a requirement for the effectiveness and efficiency of this method. This paper aims to identify and weigh the challenges of an open R&D approach for the acquisition of emerging nanotechnology technology in Iran. After performing library studies, 29 challenges were extracted from internal and external sources. During the three staged surveys conducted by the fuzzy Delphi method, 25 challenges were selected in three categories (internal, external, integrated) and by weighed Shannon entropy method, a comparison study was made with six related studies. Finally, some strategies were advised. Findings indicate the importance of the challenge of "lack of protection of intellectual property" and the identification of four challenges of "maintaining a balance between R&D cooperation, internal and external, inability to control, lack of convergence of research, strategy inconsistency" that less research has addressed. https://jtdm.irost.ir/article_1244_2c89109d42178de8a367c0228f169bf8.pdf