Identifying failures in the country's science and technology system using network analysis and soft operations analysis

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professor, New Technologies Research Institute, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology

2 PhD in Business Policy, Faculty of Management, Faculties of Management, University of Tehran

3 PhD in Industrial Management, Operations Research, Faculty of Management, Faculties of Management, University of Tehran

10.22104/jtdm.2025.7430.3393

Abstract

Science and technology, as a crucial national process, play a vital role in achieving the country’s development goals. This study aimed to identify and analyze systemic failures in Iran’s science and technology system using network analysis and soft operations research methods. Systemic weaknesses were identified across four dimensions: institutional, infrastructural, communicative, and resource-based. The results revealed significant challenges, including poor coordination among institutions, a lack of physical and institutional infrastructure, and misalignment between institutional roles and their defined responsibilities. Moreover, six key institutions, including the Vice Presidency for Science and Technology, universities, and financial entities, were identified as priorities for systemic change. This study provides a comprehensive framework and actionable policy recommendations to enhance institutional coordination, improve infrastructure, and safeguard the science and technology system against internal and external threats.

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History

  • Receive Date: 22 February 2025
  • Revise Date: 07 September 2025
  • Accept Date: 04 October 2025

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