چارچوب تحلیل کارکردی نظام نوآوری منطقه ای در کشورهای در حال توسعه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس- دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد- گروه مدیریت صنعتی

2 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس- دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد

3 استادیار مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور

چکیده

کارکردها، بازیگران و حکمرانی چندسطحی، سه عنصر اساسی نظام‌های نوآوری منطقه‌ای هستند. کارکردها، قابلیت‌های پویایی هستند که علاوه بر تحقق توسعه، نشر و بهره‌گیری از نوآوری، امکان دستیابی به مزیت رقابتی پایدار و توسعه اقتصادی مناطق را فراهم می‌سازند. با این وجود، نه تنها مبانی تحلیل کارکردی نوآوری منطفه‌ای به صورت محدودی توسعه یافته است، بلکه مباحث پرداخته شده بدون درنظر گرفتن شرایط بوم‌شناختی و متفاوت مناطق ارائه شده است. در این پژوهش تلاش شده است علاوه بر مفهوم‌شناسی کارکردها، مبتنی بر روش‌شناسی تحلیل محتوای کیفی، کارکردهای توسعه نوآوری منطقه‌ای در کشورهای در حال توسعه ارائه ‌گردد. در این پژوهش، جامعه مورد مطالعه شامل کلیه کتب، گزارش‌های پژوهشی و مقالات حوزه سیاست نوآوری منطقه‌ای در فاصله سال‌های 2017- 1995 می‌باشد. در نهایت بر اساس منطق نمونه‌گیری مبتنی بر معیار، 93 منبع مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. هشت کارکرد مستخرج عبارتنداز: «قابلیت حکمرانی نوآوری منطقه‌ای‌ و جهت‌دهی آن»، «قابلیت ایجاد زیست‌بوم نوآوری»، «قابلیت تشخیص، مسئله‌یابی و پیش‌بینی فناورانه شرکت‌ها و صنایع»، «قابلیت‌ توسعه صنعتی مبتنی بر فناوری (متناسب با رویکرد DUI)»، «قابلیت توانمندسازی، حمایت و بسیج منابع (انسانی، مالی و ...)»، «قابلیت شبکه-سازی،‌ یادگیری تعاملی، جریان، سرریز و انباشت دانش»، «قابلیت ایجاد بازار» و در نهایت «قابلیت کشف و انتشار فرصت‌های کارآفرینی».

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Functional Analysis Framework of Regional Innovation System in Developing Countries

نویسندگان [English]

  • Younes Mohammadi 1
  • abbas moghbel 2
  • Naser Bagheri Moghaddam 3
1 PhD student in Systems Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Information Technology Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 National Research Institute for Science Policy, Assistant professor
چکیده [English]

Functions, actors, and multi-level governance are three essential elements of regional innovation systems. Functions are dynamic capabilities that cause sustainable competitive advantage and economic growth of regions in addition to realizing development, dissemination and exploitation of innovation. However, not only the theoretical foundations of functional analysis of regional innovation have been developed to a limited extent, but discussions have been provided without considering the different ecological conditions of the regions. In this study, in addition to explaining the concept of function, based on qualitative content analysis methodology, the functions of regional innovation system in developing countries are presented. The study pupulation included all books, research reports and articles from 1995 to 2017. Finally, based on criterion-based sampling, 93 sources were analyzed. Eight functions resulted are: "regional innovation governance and guide the direction of search capability", "capability to build innovation ecosystem", "capability to technology scanning and predicting technologies of companies and industries", "capability to industrialization based on technology (Fits DUI approach)", "empowerment, support and resources mobility capability (human, financial, etc.)", "networking, interactive learning, overflowing and knowledge accumulation" , "capability to stimulate/create markets" and, finally, the "capability to discover and disseminate entrepreneurial opportunities."

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Functional analysis of innovation system
  • regional innovation functions
  • dynamic capabilities
  • innovation in developing countries
  • systemic approach to innovation

مراجع

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مدیریت توسعه فناوری
دوره 7، شماره 2
شهریور 1398
صفحه 43-87

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 شهریور 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 31 مرداد 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 مهر 1398

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