تأثیر سرریز فناوری از کانال سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی و واردات کالا بر سهم تولید انرژی‌های تجدید پذیر از کل انرژی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

2 دانشگاه الزهرا

چکیده

ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ تأمین‌کننده اﻧﺮژی را می‌توان در سه ﮔـﺮوه ﻋﻤﺪه انرژی‌های فسیلی، اﻧـﺮژی هسته‌ای و انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر طبقه‌بندی کرد. اﻣـﺮوزه، افزایش جمعیت، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژی، مسئله امنیت انرژی و آلودگی محیط‌زیست، برنامه ریزان را به سمت استفاده از انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر سوق داده است. از طرفی توسعه فناوری‌های نیروگاه تولید انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر از مهم‌ترین مسائل در زمینه بهره‌وری این نوع انرژی‌ها محسوب می‌شود. لذا هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی تأثیر سرریز فناوری بر سهم انرژی‌های تجدید پذیر از کل انرژی تولید شده در مورد کشورهای منتخب توسعه یافته و درحال توسعه طی دورۀ ۲۰۱۳-۱۹۹۶ است. برای این منظور با استفاده از روش GMM برای داده‌های پنل پویا، اثر سرریز فناوری ناشی از سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی و واردات کالاهای واسطه ای و سرمایه ای بر سهم انرژی‌های تجدید پذیر از کل انرژی تولید شده مورد آزمون قرارگرفته است. نتایج مطالعه حاکی از تأثیر مثبت و معنا‌دار متغیر سرریز فناوری از کانال سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی و واردات کالاهای واسطه‌ای و سرمایه‌ای در هر دو گروه کشورهای در حال توسعه و توسعه یافته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of Technology Spillover through Foreign Direct Investment and Product Import on the Production Share of Renewable Energies in Total Energy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abolfazl Shahabadi 1
  • Mir Hossein Mousavi 2
  • Sima Shayganmehr 2
1 Bu-Ali Sina University
چکیده [English]

Energy supply resources can be categorized in to 3 main groups as fossil energy, nuclear energy and renewable energy. Nowadays due to the increase in population and energy consumption, energy security and environmental pollution issue, has led the planners to the use of renewable energy. Besides, development of the power plant technology of renewable energy production is counted among the most important issues in the efficiency of this type of energy. The aim of this research is to examine the impact of technology spillover on the production share of renewable energies in total energy for selected countries during 1996 to 2013. For this purpose, by the use of GMM method for dynamic panel data, the impact of technology spillover that arising from product import and foreign direct investment, on the production share of renewable energies in total energy has been tested. The results indicate a positive and significant effect changing technology spillover channel foreign direct investment and positive and significant effect changing technology spillover channels imports in both groups selected developing developed countries.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Technology spillover
  • Foreign direct investment
  • Product Import
  • Renewable Energies
-    زمانیان، غلامرضا، آذربایجانی(۱۳۹۰)، «سرریز تکنولوژی از طریق تجارت و سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی بر بهره‌وری: مورد کشورهای OECD و Non-OECD»، رساله دکتری، دانشکدۀ علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان.
-   شاه‌آبادی، ابوالفضل و حواج، سحر(۱۳۹۰)، «بررسی اثر سرریز فناوری از طریق سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی و واردات نوآوری»، فصلنامۀ تحقیقات توسعه اقتصادی، سال سوم، شمارۀ ۱۶، صص ۱-۱۶.
-    شاه‌آبادی، ابوالفضل، ولی‌نیا، سید آرش و انصاری، زهرا(۱۳۹۱)، «تأثیر سرریز فناوری ناشی از سرمایهگذاری مستقیم خارجی بر عملکرد بخش صنعت»، فصلنامه تخصصی پارک‌ها و مراکز رشد، سال نهم، شماره ۳۳، صص۲۵-۱۳.
-    هوشمند، محمود و حسینی، سید حامد(۱۳۹۲)، «ارزیابی اقتصادی تولید برق با استفاده از انرژی باد توسط بخش خصوصی در ایران»، فصلنامۀ اقتصاد پولی، مالی، سال ۲۱، شمارۀ ۸، صص ۸۵ - ۱۰۶.
-     Aitken, B. J. and Harrison, A. E.(1999), “Do domestic firms benefit from direct foreign investment? Evidence from Venezuela”, American Economic Review, 89(3); 605-618.
-     Alene, A. D. and Coulibaly, O.(2009); “Productivity growth and the effects of R&D in African agriculture”, Agricultural Economics, 41(3-4); 223-238.
-     Araneo, R., Burghignoli, P., Lovat, G. and Hanson, G.(2015), “Modal propagation and crosstalk analysis in coupled graphene nanoribbons”, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 57(4); 726-734.
-     Amann, E. and Virmani, S.(2015), “Foreign direct investment and reverse technology spillovers, The effect on tot OECD Global Forum on international investment OECD investment divisional factor productivity”, OECD Journal, 3(14); 129-153.
-     Amoo, O. M. and Fagbenle, R. L.(2013), “Renewable municipal solid waste pathways for energy generation and sustainable development in the Nigerian context”, Energy and Environmental Engineering, http://www.journal-ijeee.com/content/4/1/42.
-     Backer, D. K. and Sleuwaegen, L.(2003), “Does foreign direct investment crowd out domestic entrepreneurship?” Review of Industrial Organization, 22(1); 67-84.
-     Bayoumi, T., Coe, D. T & Helpman, E.(1999). “R&D Spillovers and Global Growth,” Journal of International Economics, 47(2); 399-428.
-     Behera, R. S., Dua, P. D. and Goldar, B. G.(2012), “Horizontal and vertical technology spillover of foreign direct investment: An evaluation across Indian manufacturing industries”, Munich Personal Repec Archive, https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/43293/
-     Bloom, N., Draca, M.  and Van Reenen, J.(2008), “Trade induced technical change? The impact of Chinese imports on IT and innovation”, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/cdf0/095d749cafdbcb36bc0d177bf940261ea9d0.pdf.
-     Cheung, K. Y. and Lin, P.(2004), “Spillover effects of FDI on innovation in China: Evidence from the peovicial data”, China Economic Review, 15(4); 25-44.
-     Coe, D. T., Helpman, E. and Hoffmaister, A. W.(1997), “North-South R&D spillover”, Economic Journal, 107(440); 134-149.
-     Coe, D. T. and Moghadam, R.(1993), “Capital and Trade as engines of growth in France: An application of Johansen’s cointegration methodology”, IMF Staff Papers, 40(93); 542-666.
-     Crepon, B., Duguet, E. and Mairess, J.(1998), “Research, innovation and productivity: An Econometric analysis at the firm level”, NBER working papers, No. 6696.
-     Crespo, N. and Fontoura, M. P.(2006), “Determinant factors of FDI spillovers–what do we really know?World Development, 35(3); 410-425.
-     Coe, D. T., Helpman, E. and Hoffmaister, A. W.(2009), “International R&D spillovers and institutions”, European Economic Review, 53(7); 423-451.
-     Damijan, J. P., Mark Knell, B. M. and Matija, R.(2003), “The role of FDI, R&D accumulation and trade in transferring technology to transition countries: Evidence from firm panel data for eight transition countries”, Economic Systems, 27(2); 189-204.
-     Edquist, C. and Hommen, L.(2009), “Small country innovation systems: Globalization”, Change and Policy in Asia and Europe: Edward Elgar Publishing.
-     Griliches, Zvi.(1998), “Introduction to "R&D and productivity: The econometric evidence”, The Econometric Evidence, http://www.nber.org/chapters/c8339.
-     Grossman, G.M. and Helpman, E.(1991), "Trade, Knowledge Spillovers, and Growth", Europen Economic Review, 35(1); 517-526.
-     Hekkert, M. P., Suurs, R. A., Negro, S. O., Kuhlmann, S., and Smits, R.(2007), “Functions of innovation systems: A new approach for analyzing technological change”, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 74(4); 413-432.
-     Igliński, B., Iglińska, A., Cichosz, M., Kujawski, W., and Buczkowski R.(2016). “Renewable energy production in the Łódzkie Voivodeship”. The PEST analysis of the RES in the voivodeship and in Poland” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 58(2016); 737-750.
-     Im, K. S., Pesaran, M. H. and Shin, Y.(1997), “Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels”, Mimeo.
-     Im, K. S., Pesaran, M. H. and Shin, Y.(2003), “Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels”, Journal of Econometrics, 115(1); 53-74.
-     Irandoust, M.(2016), “The renewable energy-growth nexus with carbon emissions and technological innovation: Evidence from the Nordic countries”, Ecological Indicators, 69; 118–125.
-     Keller, W.(2004), “International technology diffusion”, Economic Literature, 42(3); 752-782.
-     Levin, A., Lin, C. F. and Chu, C-S.J.(2002), “Unit root tests in panel data: Asymptotic and finite sample prorerties”, Journal of Econometrics, 108(1); 1-24.
-     Lichtenberg, F. and Poterie, B.(1998), “International R&D spillovers: A comment”, European Economic Review, 42(2); 1483-1491.
-     Lin, P., Liu, Zh. and zhang, Y.(2009), “Do Chinese domestic firms benefit from FDI inflow? Evidence of horizontal and vertical spillovers”, China Economic Review, 20(4); 677-691.
-     Lundvall, B. A.(2010), “National systems of innovation: Toward a theory of innovation and interactive learn-ing”,(Vol. 2): Anthem Press.
-     Meyer, K.(2003), “FDI spillovers in emerging markets: A literature review and new perspectives”, Copenhagen Business School,
http://www.klausmeyer.co.uk/publications/2003_meyer_CNEM-DP_FDI-spillovers.pdf
-     Noailly, J. and Shestalova, V.(2016), “Knowledge spillovers from renewable energy technologies: Lessons from patent citations”, Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. http://encore.seals.ac.za/iii/encore_ru/plus/C__Spolicy%20research%20and%20external%20affairs%20working%20papers__Orightresult?lang=eng&suite=ru
-     Ohler, A. and Fetters, I.(2014), “The Causal Relationship between Renewable Electricity Generation and GDP Growth: A Study of Energy Sources”, Energy Economics, http://econpapers.repec.org/article/eeeeneeco/v_3a43_3ay_3a2014_3ai_3ac_3ap_3a125-139.htm
-     Ping, L. and Qingchang, Z. H.(2008), “The Effects of technological spillover through FDI and import trade on China’s innovation, school of economy of Shandong university of technology”, www.seiofbluemountain.com/search/detail.php?id=3948.
-     Puga, D. and Trefler, D.(2010), “Wake up and smell the ginseng: International trade and the rise of incremental innovation in low-wage countries”, Journal of Development Economics, 91(1); 64-76.
-     Rahman, S. and Salim, R.(2013); “Six decades of total factor productivity change and sources of growth in Bangladesh agriculture (1948-2008)”, Journal of Agricultural Economics, 64(2); 275-294.
-     Rogers, E. M.(2010), Diffusion of innovations: Simon and Schuster.
-     Scherer, F. M.(2005), “Edwin Mansfield: An appreciation”, Journal of Technology Transfer, 30(1-2); 3-9.
-     Schumpeter, J. A.(1939), “Business cycles”,(Vol. 1): Cambridge Univ Press.
-     Sinani, E. and Meyer, K. E.(2004), “Spillovers of technology transfer from FDI: The case of Estonia”, Journal of Comparative Economics, 32(3); 445-466.
-     SuriÃach, J., Autant-Bernard, C., Manca, F., Massard, N. and Moreno, R.(2009), “The diffusion/adoption of innovation in the internal market: Directorate general economic and monetary affairs (DG ECFIN)”, European Commission. https://ideas.repec.org/p/euf/ecopap/0384.html
-     Tantau, A., Chinie, A. and Carlea, F.(2015), “Corporate entrepreneurship and innovation in the renewable energy field”, Procedia Economics and Finance,
-     Tsoutsos, T. D. and Stamboulis, Y.A.(2005), “The sustainable diffusion of renewable energy technologies as an expel of a focused-innovation policy”, Technovation, 25(7); 753-761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2003.12.003
-     Viotti, E. B.(2002), “National learning systems: A new approach on technological change in late industrializ-ing economies and evidences from the cases of Brazil and South Korea”, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 69(7); 653-680.
-     World development indicators (WDI) http://www.World Bank.org.