شناسایی ابعاد اصلی بلوغ تحول دیجیتال در سازمان‌های صنعتی با استفاده از رویکرد مرور نظام‌مند پیشینه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران.

2 عضو هیئت‌علمی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران.

چکیده

امروزه تحول دیجیتال صنایع که به‌عنوان صنعت چهارم شناخته می‌شود، به یکی از مهم‌ترین عناوین پیشینه تحول سازمانی تبدیل شده است و تحقق آن در سازمان منجر به برتری فناورانه و راهبردی سازمان می‌شود. با­وجود این منافع، ماهیت غیرقطعی‌ و غیرشفاف پیامدهای سرمایه‌گذاری در تحول دیجیتال، گروه زیادی از سازمان‌ها را از ورود به این حوزه بازداشته است. دراین‌راستا کمبود دانش در خصوص ابعاد این پدیده و فقدان راهنما برای هدایت سازمان‌ها به‌عنوان دلایل اصلی این امر شناسایی شده‌اند. در پژوهش حاضر با­هدف شناسایی ابعاد و عوامل مؤثر بر تحول دیجیتال، مقالات مرتبط در بازه زمانی ۲۰۱۵ تا ۲۰۱۹ با رویکرد مرور نظام‌مند پیشینه مطالعه شده و متن مقالات با به‌کارگیری رویکرد نظریه داده‌بنیاد و با­تکیه‌بر نرم‌افزار مکس‌کیودا کدگذاری و تحلیل شده­ اند. براین‌اساس، ابعاد اصلی بلوغ تحول دیجیتال در قالب مدل ابرانگاره‌ای و ذیل پنج بُعد اصلی و ۱۳ مقوله طبقه‌بندی شده‌اند. چارچوب نظری حاصل می‌تواند در طراحی مدل‌های بلوغ تحول دیجیتال در پژوهش‌های آتی مورداستفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying Main Dimensions of Digital Transformation Maturity at Industrial Organizations through Systematic Literature Review

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa GhelichKhani 1
  • Yahya Samadi Moghadam 2
  • Kiamars Fathi Hafashjani 2
1 PhD Candidate of IT Management, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Faculty Member, Department of Management, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The digital transformation of industries, known as Industry 4.0, has become an important topic in the organizational transformation literature lately, and its fulfillment leads to technological and strategic leadership. Despite these benefits, the uncertainty and ambiguity of digital transformation investment outcomes have prevented many organizations from entering this area for particular reasons such as insufficient knowledge about the dimensions of the phenomenon and lack of a roadmap for organizational transformation. Therefore to identify the dimensions and factors affecting the digital transformation in the present study, a literature review was conducted. The finding were coded and analyzed using the grounded theory approach and with the assistance of MAXQDA software. Accordingly, the main dimensions of digital transformation maturity are classified in the form of a paradigm model consisting of 5 main dimensions and 13 categories. This theoretical framework can be further used in the development of digital transformation maturity models in future researches.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Digital Transformation
  • Industry 4.0
  • Systematic Literature Review
-          Abdelmaboud, A., Jawawi, D. N., Ghani, I., & Elsafi, A. (2014). A comparative evaluation of cloud migration optimization approaches: A systematic literature review. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 79(3), 395. http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07692-8_60
-          Akdil, K. Y., Ustundag, A., & Cevikcan, E. (2018). Maturity and readiness model for industry 4.0 strategy. In A. Ustundag & E. Cevikcan (Eds.), Industry 4.0: Managing the digital transformation (pp. 61-94). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57870-5_4
-          Asadamraji, E., Mohammadian, A., Rajab Zadeh Ghatari, A., & Shoar, M. (2020). A digital transformation maturity model based on mixed method: Case study of pharmaceutical companies [In Persian]. Iranian Journal of Information Management, 5(2), 48-69. https://doi.org/10.22034/aimj.2020.108244
-          Asdecker, B., & Felch, V. (2018). Development of an Industry 4.0 maturity model for the delivery process in supply chains. Journal of Modelling in Management, 13(4). 840-883. https://doi.org/10.1108/JM2-03-2018-0042
-          Asri, N. A. M., Ibrahim, R., & Jamel, S. (2019). Designing a model for smart city through digital transformation. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 8(1.3), 345-351. https://doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2019/6281.32019
-          Basl, J. (2017). Pilot study of readiness of Czech companies to implement the principles of Industry 4.0. Management and Production Engineering Review, 8(2), 3-8. https://doi.org/10.1515/mper-2017-0012
-          Basl, J., Doucek, P. (2019). A metamodel for evaluating enterprise readiness in the context of Industry 4.0, Information Journal, 10(3), 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/info10030089
-          Berghaus, S., & Back, A. (2016). Stages in digital business transformation: Results of an empirical maturity study. MCIS 2016 Proceedings, 22. http://aisel.aisnet.org/mcis2016/22
-          Berthelsen, C. B., & Frederiksen, K. (2018). A comprehensive example of how to conduct a literature review following Glaser’s grounded theory methodological approach. International Journal of Health Sciences6(1), 90-99. http://ijhsnet.com/journals/ijhs/Vol_6_No_1_March_2018/10.pdf
-          Biegler, C., Steinwender, A., Sala, A., Sihn, W., & Rocchi, V. (2018). Adoption of factory of the future technologies. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC), Stuttgart, Germany. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.8436310
-          Brown, N., & Brown, I. (2019). From digital business strategy to digital transformation – A systematic literature review. SAISIT '19: Proceedings of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1145/3351108.3351122
-          Camarinha-Matos, L., Fornasiero, R., Ramezani, J., & Ferrada, F. (2019). Collaborative networks: A pillar of digital transformation. Applied Sciences, 9(24), 5431. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9245431  
-          Colli, M., Berger, U., Bockholt, M., Madsen, O., Møller, C., & Waehrens, B. (2019). A maturity assessment approach for conceiving context-specific roadmaps in the Industry 4.0 era. Annual Reviews in Control, 48, 165-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2019.06.001
-          Colli, M., Madsen, O., Berger, U., Møller, C., Waehrens, B., & Bockholt, M. (2018). Contextualizing the outcome of a maturity assessment for Industry 4.0. IFAC-Papers OnLine, 51(11). 1347-1352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.08.343
-          Fischer, M., Imgrund, F., Janiesch, C., & Winkelmann, A. (2020). Strategy archetypes for digital transformation: Defining meta objectives using business process management. Information & Management, 57(5), 103262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2019.103262
-          Ganzarain, J., & Errasti, N. (2016). Three stage maturity model in SME’s toward Industry 4.0. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 9(5), 1119. https://doi.org/10.3926/jiem.2073
-          Gebayew, C., Hardini, I. R., Panjaitan, G. H. A., & Kurniawan, N. B. (2018, October). A systematic literature review on digital transformation. 2018 International Conference on Information Technology Systems and Innovation (ICITSI) (pp. 260-265). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITSI.2018.8695912
-          Ghobakhloo, M. (2018). The future of manufacturing industry: A strategic roadmap toward Industry 4.0. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 29(6), 910-936. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-02-2018-0057
-          Glaser, B., & Strauss, A. (1999). Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203793206
-          Gökalp, E., Şener, U., & Eren, P. E. (2017, October). Development of an assessment model for industry 4.0: industry 4.0-MM. International Conference on Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination (pp. 128-142). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67383-7_10
-          Gupta, G., & Bose, I. (2019). Digital transformation in entrepreneurial firms through information exchange with operating environment. Information & Management, 103243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2019.103243
-          Hausberg, J., Liere-Netheler, K., Packmohr, S., Pakura, S., & Vogelsang, K. (2019). Research streams on digital transformation from a holistic business perspective: A systematic literature review and citation network analysis. Journal of Business Economics, 89, 931-963. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-019-00956-z
-          Horváth, D., & Szabo, R. Z. (2019). Driving forces and barriers of Industry 4.0: Do multinational and small and medium-sized companies have equal opportunities?. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 119-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TECHFORE.2019.05.021
-          Ifenthaler, D., & Egloffstein, M. (2020). Development and implementation of a maturity model of digital transformation. TechTrends, 64, 302–309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-019-00457-4
-          Indriasari, E., Supangkat, S., & Kosala, R., (2020). Digital Transformation: IT governance in the agile environment. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 9(4), 45-55. https://www.ijstr.org/paper-references.php?ref=IJSTR-0420-33813
-          İnel, M. (2019). An empirical study on measurement of efficiency of digital transformation by using data envelopment analysis. Management Science Letters, 9(4), 549-556. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.1.008
-          Ismail, M. H., Khater, M., & Zaki, M. (2017). Digital business transformation and strategy: What do we know so far?. Cambridge Service Alliance, 10. https://cambridgeservicealliance.eng.cam.ac.uk/resources/Downloads/Monthly%20Papers/2017NovPaper_Mariam.pdf
-          Issa, A., Hatiboglu, B., Bildstein, A., & Bauernhansl, T. (2018). Industrie 4.0 roadmap: Framework for digital transformation based on the concepts of capability maturity and alignment. Procedia Cirp, 72, 973-978. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.03.151
-          Junge, A. L. (2019). Digital transformation technologies as an enabler for sustainable logistics and supply chain processes – An exploratory framework. Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management, 16(3), 462-472. https://doi.org/10.14488/BJOPM.2019.v16.n3.a9
-          Leineweber, S., Weinbruch, T., Lins, D. K. D., & Kuhlenkötter, B. (2018). Concept for an evolutionary maturity based Industrie 4.0 migration model, Procedia CIRP, 72, 404-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PROCIR.2018.03.155
-          Leyh, C., Bley, K., Schäffer, T., & Forstenhäusler, S. (2016, September). SIMMI 4.0 - A maturity model for classifying the enterprise-wide it and software landscape focusing on Industry 4.0. 2016 federated conference on computer science and information systems (FEDCSIS) (pp. 1297-1302). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.15439/2016F478
-          Li, H., Wu, Y., Cao, D., & Wang, Y. (2021). Organizational mindfulness towards digital transformation as a prerequisite of information processing capability to achieve market agility. Journal of Business Research, 122, 700-712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.10.036
-          Lichtblau, K., Stich, V., Bertenrath, R., Blum, M., Bleider, M., Millack, A., Schmitt, K., Schmitz, E. & Schröter, M. (2015). IMPULS-industrie 4.0-readiness. Impuls-Stiftung des VDMA, Aachen-Köln. http://industrie40.vdma.org/documents/4214230/5356229/Industrie%204.0%20Readiness%20Study%20English.pdf/f6de92c1-74ed-4790-b6a4-74b30b1e83f0
-          Mergel, I., Edelmann, N., & Haug, N. (2019). Defining digital transformation: Results from expert interviews. Government Information Quarterly36(4), 101385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2019.06.002
-          Milošević, M., Lukić, D., Đurđev, M., & Vukman, J. (2020). Digital transformation of manufacturing towards Industry 4.0 concept. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 749, No. 1, p. 012019). IOP Publishing. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/749/1/012019
-          Nouri, M., Shah Hoseini, M., Shami Zanjani, M., & Abedin, B. (2019). Designing a conceptual framework for leading digital transformation in Iranian companies [In Persian]. Journal of Management and Planning in Educational Systems, 12(2), 211-242. https://doi.org/10.29252/mpes.12.2.211
-          Orzes, G., Rauch, E., Bednar, S., & Poklemba, R. (2018, December). Industry 4.0 implementation barriers in small and medium sized enterprises: A focus group study. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM) (pp. 1348-1352). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2018.8607477  
-          Osterrider, P., Budde, L., & Friedli, T. (2020). The smart factory as a key construct of industry 4.0: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Production Economics, 10(221), 91-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.08.011
-          Pacchini, A. P. T., Lucato, W. C., Facchini, F., & Mummolo, G. (2019). The degree of readiness for the implementation of Industry 4.0. Computers in Industry, 113, 103125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2019.103125
-          Pereira, A. C., & Romero, F. (2017). A review of the meanings and the implications of the Industry 4.0 concept. Procedia Manufacturing, 13, 1206-1214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.09.032
-          Pramanik, H. S., Kirtania, M., & Pani, A. K. (2019). Essence of digital transformation—Manifestations at large financial institutions from North America. Future Generation Computer Systems, 95, 323-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2018.12.003
-          Pulkkinen, A., Anttila, J. P., & Leino, S. P. (2019). Assessing the maturity and benefits of digital extended enterprise. Procedia Manufacturing, 38, 1417-1426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.01.146
-          Ramantoko, G., & Fatimah, L. V., & Pratiwi, S. C., & Kinasih, K. (2018). Measuring digital capability maturity: Case of small-medium Kampong-digital companies in Bandung. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 26, 215-230. http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/resources/files/Pertanika%20PAPERS/JSSH%20Vol.%2026%20(T)%20Aug.%202018/20%20JSSH(T)-0765-2018.pdf
-          Salkin, C., Oner, M., Ustundag, A., & Cevikcan, E. (2018) A Conceptual Framework for Industry 4.0. In A. Ustundag & E. Cevikcan (Eds.), Industry 4.0: Managing the digital transformation (pp. 3-23). Springer, Cham.  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57870-5_1
-          Sandkuhl, K., Shilov, N., & Smirnov, A. (2019). Facilitating digital transformation by multi-aspect ontologies: approach and application steps. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 52(13), 1609-1614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.11.430
-          Savić, D. (2020). Digital transformation and grey literature professionals. Grey Journal, February16, 11-17. https://repozitar.techlib.cz/record/1431/files/Savic_fulltext.pdf
-          Schumacher, A., Erol, S., & Sihn, W. (2016). A maturity model for assessing industry 4.0 readiness and maturity of manufacturing enterprises. Procedia CIRP, 52, 161-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2016.07.040
-          Schumacher, A., Erol, W., & Sihn, W. (2016). Maturity model for assessing Industry 4.0 readiness and maturity of manufacturing enterprises. Procedia CIRP, 52, 161-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2016.07.040
-          Sousa, M., & Rocha, Á. (2019). Digital learning: Developing skills for digital transformation of organizations. Future Generation Computer Systems, 91, 327-334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2018.08.048
-          Stich, V., Gudergan, G., & Zeller, V. (2018, September). Need and solution to transform the manufacturing industry in the age of Industry 4.0–a capability maturity index approach.  Working Conference on Virtual Enterprises (pp. 33-42). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99127-6_3
-          Teichert, R. (2019). Digital transformation maturity: A systematic review of literature. Acta universitatis agriculturae et silviculturae mendelianae brunensis67(6), 1673-1687. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201967061673
-          Tekic, Z., & Koroteev, D. (2019). From disruptively digital to proudly analog: A holistic typology of digital transformation strategies. Business Horizons, 62(6), 683-693.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2019.07.002
-          Trotta, D., Garengo, P. (2019). Assessing Industry 4.0 Maturity: An Essential Scale for SMEs. 8th International Conference on Industrial Technology and Management (ICITM), Cambridge, United Kingdom, pp. 69-74. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITM.2019.8710716
-          Valdez-de-Leon, O. (2016). A digital maturity model for telecommunications service providers. Technology Innovation Management Review, 6(8). 19–32. https://doi.org/10.22215/TIMREVIEW%2F1008
-          Veile, J., Kiel, D., Müller, J., & Voigt, K. (2019). Lessons learned from Industry 4.0 implementation in the German manufacturing industry. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 31(5), 977-997. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-08-2018-0270
-          Venkantraman, N. (1994). IT_Enabled Business Information: From Automation to Business Scope Redefinition. Sloan Management Review 35 (2), 73-87. https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/itenabled-business-transformation-from-automation-to-business-scope-redefinition/
-          Venkatraman, V. (2017). The digital matrix: new rules for business transformation through technology. Greystone Books. https://www.amazon.com/Digital-Matrix-Business-Transformation-Technology-ebook/dp/B01N0NM49M
-          Verhoef, P. C., Broekhuizen, T., Bart, Y., Bhattacharya, A., Dong, J. Q., Fabian, N., & Haenlein, M. (2021). Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 122, 889-901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.09.022
-          Warner, K. S., & Wäger, M. (2019). Building dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: An ongoing process of strategic renewal. Long Range Planning52(3), 326-349. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.LRP.2018.12.001
-          Westerman, G., Bonnet, D., & McAfee, A. (2014). The nine elements of digital transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review55(3), 1-6. https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/the-nine-elements-of-digital-transformation/
-          Wang, Ping.(2021). Connecting the parts with the whole: Toward an information ecology theory of digital innovation ecosystems. MIS Quarterly Executive, 45(1), xx-xx. https://socialdatascience.umd.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Ecosystems-2021-01-13-TitleAbstract.docx.pdf
-          Wolfswinkel, J. F., Furtmueller, E., & Wilderom, C. P. (2013). Using grounded theory as a method for rigorously reviewing literature. European journal of information systems22(1), 45-55. https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2011.51
-          Zhong, R., Xu, X., Klotz, E., & Newman, S. (2017). Intelligent manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0: A review. Engineering, 3(5), 616-630. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.015