طراحی مدل زیست‌بوم کارآفرینی مبتنی بر فناوری‌های پیشرفته در دانشگاه (مطالعه موردی: دانشکدگان فنی دانشگاه تهران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه کارآفرینی سازمانی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.

2 عضو هیئت علمی، گروه کارآفرینی فناورانه، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران.

3 عضو هیئت علمی، گروه کارآفرینی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشکده کارآفرینی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران.

چکیده

توسعه زیست‌بوم کارآفرینی مبتنی بر فناوری در دانشگاه‌ها ‏به تغییرات اقتصادی بزرگی در جامعه می‌انجامد. هدف پژوهش شناخت عوامل اثرگذار جهت طراحی مدل زیست‌بوم کارآفرینی مبتنی بر فناوری‏ در دانشکدگان فنی دانشگاه تهران است. بر اساس روش کیفی نظریۀ برخاسته از داده‏ها، مصاحبه عمیق با 17 نفر از خبرگان صورت گرفت و بعد از کدگذاری باز و محوری، 51 مقوله فرعی در قالب 9 مقوله اصلی (عامل) به‌دست آمد. برای اعتبارسنجی مؤلفه‌ها، پرسش‌نامه‌ای میان اساتید و پژوهشگران دانشکدگان فنی دانشگاه تهران توزیع شد و با تجزیه‏وتحلیل آن با روش حداقل مربعات جزئی صورت گرفت که همه مؤلفه‌ها مورد تأیید قرار گرفتند. در نهایت با کمک روش مدل‌سازی ساختاری - تفسیری با توزیع 23 پرسش‌نامه‌ زوجی میان خبرگان پیکره‏بندی اجزای مدل در شش سطح صورت گرفت. یافته‏های نشان داد که مقوله «فرهنگ» تأثیرگذارترین عامل و مؤلفه‌های «زیرساخت‏های توسعه زیست‌بوم کارآفرینی»، «سیاست‏گذاری و مدیریت منابع مالی»، «شدت و سطح آمادگی طراحی، توسعه و تجاری‏سازی»، «ایجاد و توسعه نهادهای حمایتی و توسعه کسب‏وکار در منطقه» تأثیرپذیرترین عوامل در شکل‏گیری زیست‌بوم کارآفرینی مبتنی بر فناوری‏ در دانشگاه هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing an entrepreneurial ecosystem model based on advanced technologies in University

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Vazifeh Dolatabad 1
  • Mohammad Reza Meigounpoory 2
  • Alireza Airajpour, 3
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Corporate Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
2 Faculty Member, Department of Technopreneurship, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Faculty Member, Department of entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The development of a technology-based entrepreneurship ecosystem in universities leads to great economic changes in society. This paper aims to identify the influencing factors for the design of the technology-based entrepreneurship ecosystem model in the College of Engineering of Tehran University. Based on grounded theory as a qualitative method, 17 interviews were conducted with experts and after coding, 51 sub-categories were obtained in the form of 9 main categories. To validate the components, a questionnaire was distributed among the academics and researchers of the College of Engineering of Tehran University, and it was analyzed by the partial least squares method, and all the components were confirmed. Finally, with the help of the structural-interpretive modeling method, by distributing 23 paired questionnaires among the experts, the components of the model were configured in six levels. The findings showed that the category of "culture" is the most influential factor and the components of "Entrepreneurial ecosystem development infrastructures", "Policy and management of financial resources", "Intensity and level of preparation for design, development and commercialization", "Creation and development of supporting institutions and business development in the region" are the most influential factors in the formation of the technology-based entrepreneurship ecosystem in the university.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • technology-based entrepreneurship ecosystem
  • Grounded theory
  • interpretive structural modeling (ISM)
  • College of Engineering of Tehran University

مراجع

  1. Audretsch, D. B., & Link, A. N. (Eds.). (2017). Universities and the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN: 978 1 78643 278 0.
  2. Belitski, M., & Heron, K. (2017). Expanding entrepreneurship education ecosystems. Journal of Management Development. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-06-2016-0121.
  3. Cunningham, J. A., Lehmann, E. E., Menter, M., & Seitz, N. (2019). The impact of university focused technology transfer policies on regional innovation and entrepreneurship. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 44(5), 1451-1475. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-019-09733-0.
  4. Dutta, S., Lanvin, B., León, L. R., & Wunsch-Vincent, S. (2021). Global Innovation Index 2021. Tracking Innovation through the COVID-19 Crisis?
  5. Elnadi, M., Gheith, M. H., & Farag, T. (2020). How does the perception of entrepreneurial ecosystem affect entrepreneurial intention among university students in Saudi Arabia?. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 24(3), 1-15.
  6. Ferreira, J. J., Ratten, V., & Dana, L. P. (2017). Knowledge spillover-based strategic entrepreneurship. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 13(1), 161-167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-016-0415-6.
  7. Ghasemi, R., Hashemi–Petroudi, S. H., Mahbanooei, B., & Mousavi–Kiasari, Z. (2013). Relationship between Infrastructure and Technological Readiness based on Global Competitiveness Report: a Guidance for Developing Countries, 1 st International. In 7th national Conference on Electronic Commerce & Economy(pp. 19-21).
  8. Graham, R. (2014). Creating university-based entrepreneurial ecosystems: evidence from emerging world leaders. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 20(4).
  9. Gupta, R., Jain, K., Kusre, A., & Momaya, K. S. (2015, May). Technology entrepreneurship ecosystem in India: findings from a survey. In POMS 26th Annual Conference, Washington DC, USA. Retrieved from https://www.pomsmeetings.org/confpapers/060/060-1492.pdf
  10. Hahn, D., Minola, T., Bosio, G., & Cassia, L. (2020). The impact of entrepreneurship education on university students’ entrepreneurial skills: a family embeddedness perspective. Small Business Economics, 55(1), 257-282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00143-y.
  11. Hsieh, R. M., & Kelley, D. (2020). A study of key indicators of development for university-based entrepreneurship ecosystems in Taiwan. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1515/erj-2018-0331.
  12. Isenberg, D. J. (2010). How to start an entrepreneurial revolution. Harvard business review, 88(6), 40-50.
  13. Kitagawa, F., Webber, D. J., Plumridge, A., & Robertson, S. (2015, May). University entrepreneurship education experiences: enhancing the entrepreneurial ecosystems in a UK city-region. In The 8 th International Conference for Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Regional Development(p. 794).
  14. Klofsten, M., Fayolle, A., Guerrero, M., Mian, S., Urbano, D., & Wright, M. (2019). The entrepreneurial university as driver for economic growth and social change-Key strategic challenges. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 141, 149-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.12.004
  15. Lahikainen, K. (2020). Understanding the emergence of the university-based entrepreneurial ecosystem: comparing the university and company actor’s perspectives. In Sustainable Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurial Ecosystems. Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839109690.00013
  16. Lee, S., & Ayrikyan, A. (2010). Technology Entrepreneurship for Emerging Markets–An Ecosystem Approach. Retrieved November 10, 2015.
  17. Mahbanooei, B., Gholipour, A., & Aboyee, A. M. (2016). A competency model for general health managers (Case: Iran medical of health and education), Iranian Journal of Management Studies, 9(2), 217-241. Doi: 22059/IJMS.2016.56950
  18. Mahbanooei, B., Hasanzadeh, H., & Jamalian, A. (2015). Iran’s Labor Market Efficiency’s Competitiveness in comparation with other countries in the region: as the key intangible asset. In 3rd Annual Conference on Strategic Management, Tehran, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Iran, Dec(pp. 15-16). [In Persian].
  19. Malecki, E. J. (2018). Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ecosystems. Geography compass, 12(3), e12359. https://doi.org/10.1111/gec3.12359.
  20. Mohaghar, A., Mahbanooei, B., Behnam, M., & Khavari, Z. (2018). Analyzing OECD's Labor Market Efficiency in 2018. Economic and Social Development: Book of Proceedings, 341-353. https://www.proquest.com/openview/c85addb0143f9ac57dfa759222311690
  21. Mohammadzadeh, A. K., Ghafoori, S., Mohammadian, A., Mohammadkazemi, R., Mahbanooei, B., & Ghasemi, R. (2018). A Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP) approach for prioritizing internet of things challenges in Iran. Technology in Society, 53, 124-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2018.01.007
  22. National Portal of the Statistics Center of Iran (2021). Results of Labor Force Survey, National Statistics Center of Iran, Labor Population Office and Census, 1-10, [in Persian].
  23. (2021). OECD Unemployment Rates [Review of OECD Unemployment Rates]. In https://www.oecd.org (1–8). oecd. https://www.oecd.org/sdd/labour-stats/unemployment-rates-oecd-12-2021.pdf.
  24. Pawitan, G., Widyarini, M., & Nawangpalupi, C. B. (2019). The entrepreneurial ecosystem to foster competitiveness among enterprises: a national level analysis. International Journal of Business and Globalisation, 23(2), 272-288. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBG.2019.102461.
  25. Prokop, D. (2021). University entrepreneurial ecosystems and spinoff companies: Configurations, developments and outcomes. Technovation, 107, 102286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2021.102286.
  26. Rakićević, J., Jakšić, M. L., & Ukropina, N. (2018). The role of support organization in technology entrepreneurship ecosystem: case of Serbia. SYMORG 2018, 7-10.
  27. Rastegar, A. A., Mahbanooei, B., & Ghasemi, R. (2012, May). Canonical correlation analysis between technological readiness and labor market efficiency: A secondary analysis of countries global competitiveness in 2011–2012. In 13th International Conference on Econometrics, Operations Research and Statistics (ICEOS-2012)(pp. 24-26).
  28. Rathnayake, D. M., & Roca, T. (2022). The Emergence of Technopreneurship for Sustainable and Ethical Economic Growth: Theory, Research and Practice. In Integrated Business Models in the Digital Age(pp. 467-535). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97877-8_13.
  29. Razavi, S. M., Ghasemi, R., & Mahbanooei, B. (2015), Prioritizing the Middle East Countries based on Goods Market Efficiency’Indicators. International Research Conference on Business, Economics and Social Sciences, IRC-2015, Istanbul, Turkey. 27th to 28th February 2015.
  30. Shil, M., Shahriar, M. S., Sultana, S., Rahman, S. N., & Zayed, N. M. (2020). Introduction to University Based Entrepreneurship Ecosystem (U-Bee): A Model Case Study from Bangladesh. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 24(1), 1-9.
  31. Stam, F. C., & Van de Ven, A. (2018). Entrepreneurial ecosystems: a systems perspective(No. 18-06).
  32. Sun, C., Li, C., & Zhang, J. (2020). Evaluation on Symbiotic Performance of Regional Technological Entrepreneurship Ecosystem. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Modelling, Identification and Control (ICMIC2019)(pp. 401-411). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0474-7_38.
  33. Wang, X., Sun, X., Liu, S., & Mu, C. (2021). A Preliminary Exploration of Factors Affecting a University Entrepreneurship Ecosystem. Frontiers in Psychology, 4132. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.732388.
  34. Weerasekara, S., & Bhanugopan, R. (2022). The impact of entrepreneurs’ decision-making style on SMEs’ financial performance. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-03-2021-0099.
  35. Xiang, W., & Huang, C. (2019, August). Research on Evaluation Index System of Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in Aba Prefecture. In 1st International Symposium on Economic Development and Management Innovation (EDMI 2019)(pp. 604-609). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/edmi-19.2019.103.
  36. Yuan, X., Hao, H., Guan, C., & Pentland, A. (2022). Which factors affect the performance of technology business incubators in China? An entrepreneurial ecosystem perspective. Plos one, 17(1), e0261922. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261922.
  37. Zadtootaghaj, P., Mohammadian, A., Mahbanooei, B., & Ghasemi, R. (2019). Internet of Things: A Survey for the Individuals' E-Health Applications. Journal of Information Technology Management, 11(1), 102-129. Doi: 22059/jitm.2019.288695.2398
  38. Zarei, M., Jamalian, A., & Ghasemi, R. (2017). Industrial guidelines for stimulating entrepreneurship with the internet of things. In The Internet of Things in the Modern Business Environment(pp. 147-166). IGI Global.
مدیریت توسعه فناوری
دوره 10، شماره 3
آذر 1401
صفحه 9-34

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 17 خرداد 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 مهر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 مهر 1401

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار