مستندسازی و واکاوی تجربه تدوین راهبرد فناوری در یک سازمان اقتصادی بزرگ

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت‌علمی، گروه مدیریت تکنولوژی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت تکنولوژی، گروه مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران.

چکیده

راهبرد فناوری یکی از اصلی‌ترین ابزارهای مدیریت فناوری است. علی­رغم وسعت پیشینه موضوع، پژوهش‌های محدودی پیرامون تدوین راهبرد فناوری برای بنگاه­های بزرگ و چند کسب­ و­کاری تدوین شده است. براین‌اساس مقاله حاضر به مطالعه فعالیت­های تدوین راهبرد فناوری در یک سازمان اقتصادی بزرگ در کشور پرداخته است تا ضمن مستندسازی و تحلیل فعالیت­ های مذکور با استفاده از اسناد و مصاحبه ­ها، آن‌ها را با روش­ های رایج مقایسه کند. براساس نتایج حاصله، گونه­ بندی جدیدی شامل چهار نوع راهبرد فناوری بهبودآفرین، رقابت‌آفرین، بازآفرین و تحول­ آفرین پیشنهاد شده‌اند. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می­ دهند در سطوح مختلف سازمان، تسلط لازم بر مفاهیم مدیریت فناوری وجود ندارد و درنتیجه اغلب فعالیت­ های مورد­انتظار از هلدینگ­ ها برای تدوین راهبرد انجام نشده است. اگرچه فشار از بالا، دلیل اصلی تدوین راهبرد فناوری در بنگاه‌های زیرمجموعه بوده، عدم ­استمرار آن در میان‌مدت، منجر به پیگیری نشدن اجرای کامل و عدم ­ارزیابی نتایج گردیده است. همچنین فعالیت‌های تدوین راهبرد فناوری زمان‌بر بوده، وجود برداشت‌های متفاوت از مفهوم راهبرد فناوری در سطوح مختلف مشکل‌آفرین بوده و کاستی‌های دانشی فراوانی در حوزه مدیریت فناوری وجود دارد؛ بنابراین توصیه می­شود در فرایند تدوین راهبرد، رویکرد یکپارچه ­ای اتخاذ شود که پیاده­ سازی، ارزیابی نتایج و تغییر ساختارها را دربرگیرد. علاوه بر آن پیشنهاد می‌شود تبیین چرخه عمر، نحوه دسترسی و اکتساب فناوری­ ها و زمان‌بندی معرفی محصولات نیز مورد­توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Documentation and Analysis of Developing Technology Strategy in a Large Iranian Economic Organization

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Razavi 1
  • Hedayat Samadi Ansari 2
1 Faculty Member, Department of Management and Economics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Ph.D Student in Technology Management, Department of Management and Economics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Technology strategy is one of the most important tools of technology management. Despite the abundance of literature on the subject, there has been limited research on technology strategy formulation for large and multi-businesses firms. Thus, this article focuses on the study of technology strategy development activities in a large economic organization to document and analyze these activities and compare them with the common methods using the documents and interviews. Based on the results, a new classification is proposed which includes four technology strategies for improvement, competition, reconfiguration and transformation. The research results show that the necessary mastery in technology management concepts is not noticed at the different levels of the organization, and accordingly, most of the appropriate activities expected from the holding companies to develop the strategies have not been accomplished. Although the pressure of senior managers is the main reason for formulating the technology strategy, its lack of continuity in the medium term has led to the lack of full implementation and failure to evaluate the results. Further, formulation of the technology strategy is time- consuming and there are many knowledge gaps and deficiencies in the field of technology management. Therefore, it is recommended that an integrated approach be adopted that includes implementation, evaluation of results and change of structures. Furthermore, it is recommended that defining the life cycle, the way of acquiring technology and the timing of product introduction be taken into consideration.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Technology Strategy
  • Typology
  • Holding Tasks
  • Holding-Level Planning

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مدیریت توسعه فناوری
دوره 8، شماره 2
شهریور 1399
صفحه 11-44

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 18 مرداد 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 آبان 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 16 آذر 1399

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