ارزیابی توانمندی‌های فناورانه و نوآورانه بنگاه‌های صنعت پلاستیک ایران: موانع رسیدن به پیشروها (فرارسی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت تکنولوژی، گروه مدیریت تکنولوژی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران.

2 عضو هیئت علمی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران.

3 عضو هیئت‌علمی، دانشکده پیشرفت، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران.

چکیده

به­ دنبال بحران مالی ۲۰۰۸، کشورهای تازه صنعتی‌شده تاکید مجددی بر اقتصاد صنعتی با رویکرد رسیدن به پیشروها (فرارسی) داشته‌اند. در این رویکرد، ارتقای توانمندی‌های فناورانه و نوآورانه از یک‌سو و بهبود توان رقابتی از سوی دیگر جایگاه ویژه‌ای دارد. این پژوهش، با ارزیابی توانمندی‌های فناورانه و توان رقابتی در بنگاه‌های صنعت پلاستیک به ­دنبال نشان‌دادن تصویر روشنی از ابعاد توفیق بنگاه‌ها و موانع موجود در مسیر رسیدن به پیشروها (فرارسی) می‌باشد. بدین منظور پرسش‌نامه‌ای جهت ارزیابی 55 شرکت برتر بر­اساس 12 مؤلفه تکمیل شد و مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته نیز صورت گرفت. تحلیل‌ها نشان داد که نقطه قوت این بنگاه‌ها، توانمندی‌های مهندسی فرایند، اجرای پروژه، و پیوند و شبکه‌سازی است. اما ضعف آنها در توانمندی‌های مکمل، پیش از سرمایه‌گذاری و یادگیری کاملاً مشهود می‌باشد. سپس، شرکت‌ها با­استفاده ­از روشی در داده‌کاوی به ­نام خوشه‌بندی، در سه گروه تقلیدگر، تقلیدکنندة خلاق، و نوآور طبقه‌بندی شده و ویژگی‌های تمایزبخش آنها بررسی گردید. در این روش نیز عدم ­رشد متناسب توانمندی‌های مکمل به‌عنوان مانع کلیدی در فرایند رسیدن به پیشروها (فرارسی) مورد تاکید قرار گرفت. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Technological and Innovation Capabilities in Iranian Plastics Companies: Obstacles to Catch-up

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somayeh Faghih Mirzaei 1
  • Mohammadreza Razavi 2
  • Farhad Ghafari 2
  • Mohammad Ali Shafia 3
1 Ph.D. Student of Technology Management, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Faculty Member, Faculty of management and Economics, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Faculty member, School of Management, Economics and Progress Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Following the financial crisis of 2008, the newly industrialized countries have re-emphasized to pursue catching up strategy to attain industrialialization. In this strategy, the goal is promoting technological and innovative capabilities on the one hand, and improving competitive capabilities on the other. This study evaluates the technological and competitive capabilities of Iranian plastics companies to provide a clear picture of these companies and their obstacles to catch up. For this purpose, a questionnaire was completed to evaluate 55 companies in the top rankings based on 12 elements, followined by the semi-structured interviews. The analysis showed that strengths of Plastics companies are capabilities of process engineering, project execution, and linkage. However, their weaknesses is quite evident in complementary capabilities even pre-investment and learning capabilities. Afterward, those companies were classified into three groups of imitators, creative imitators and innovators by clustering method, investigating their distinctive characteristics.The paper concludes  the lack of adequate complementary capabilities stands out as a key obstacle in the process of catch up. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Catch up
  • Technological and Innovation Capabilities
  • Plastics Industry
  • Competitive Capability 

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مدیریت توسعه فناوری
دوره 9، شماره 2
(ویژه نامه فرارسی فناورانه)
شهریور 1400
صفحه 225-266

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 آذر 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 تیر 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 مرداد 1400

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