شناسایی سازوکارهای اثرگذاری توانمندی‌های سطح بالاتر برای ایجاد یا ارتقا توانمندی‌های فناورانه بنگاه دیرآمد در مسیر فرارسی فناورانه: مطالعه موردی یک بنگاه خودروسازی ایرانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری سیاستگذاری علم و فناوری، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران.

2 عضو هیئت‌علمی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران.

3 عضو هیئت علمی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران.

چکیده

بنگاه­ های دیرآمد به ­لحاظ فناوری شکاف قابل‌توجهی با رقبای بین­ المللی خود دارند. این بنگاه­ ها برای پُرکردن شکاف فناورانه مذکور، ناگزیر از پیمودن مسیر فرارسی فناورانه هستند. برای پیمودن این مسیر، بنگاه دیرآمد نیاز دارد در هر­یک از مراحل فرارسی، توانمندی جدیدی کسب کرده و یا توانمندی‌های موجود خود را ارتقا دهد. پیشینه تحقیقاتی موجود، توانمندی‌های سطح بالاتر یا پویا را عامل ایجاد و ارتقا توانمندی‌های بنگاه در چهار مرحله درک ضرورت تغییر، یادگیری، یکپارچه­ سازی و هماهنگ ­سازی معرفی می­کند. در هر مرحله سازوکارهایی باید به ­کار گرفته شود که در تحقیقات پیشین مغفول مانده است. پژوهش حاضر قصد دارد از طریق انجام یک مطالعه موردی در صنعت خودروی کشور (شرکت ایران‌خودرو)، این سازوکار­ها را به ­تفکیک مراحل برای طی مسیر از تقلید صرف به تقلید خلاقانه شناسایی کند. برای این کار از ابزار مصاحبه ­های نیمه ­ساختاریافته و روش تحلیل مضمون استفاده شد و 11 توانمندی فناورانه و 20 سازوکار برای ارتقای توانمندی در طول مسیر استخراج شدند. از میان آنها 4 سازوکار در مرحله درک ضرورت تغییر، 8 سازوکار در مرحله یادگیری، 3 سازوکار در مرحله یکپارچه‌سازی و 5 سازوکار در مرحله هماهنگ‌سازی قرار داشت. نتایج نهایی به‌صورت مدلی مفهومی ترسیم و توسط پنل خبرگان تأیید شد.
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کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying the Effective Mechanisms of Higher-order Capabilities for Creating/Enhancing Technological Capabilities of the Latecomer Firm in the Catch-up Path: A Case Study in an Iranian Automobile Firm

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Yadaei Amnab 1
  • Fatemeh Saghafi 2
  • Ali Mohaghar 2
  • Ahmad Jafarnejad Chaghoshi 2
  • Seyed Sepehr Ghazinoori 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate in Science and Technology Policy, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Faculty Member, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 . Faculty Member, Faculty of Management and Economy, University of Tarbiat Modarres, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Latecomer firms have a significant technological gap with their international competitors. To fill this technological gap, these companies have to follow the path of technological catch-up. For technological catch-up, the latecomer firm needs to acquire new capabilities or upgrade its existing capabilities in each of the of the catch-up steps. Existing research background introduces higher-order/ dynamic capabilities as a factor in creating or upgrading firm capabilities in 4 steps: 1. Sensing, 2. Learning, 3. Integrating, 4. Coordinating. At each stage, several mechanisms must be used that have been neglected in previous research. This study intends to identify these mechanisms by separating the steps for the path from the level of duplicative imitation to the level of creative imitation through a case study in the country's automobile industry (in Iran Khodro). For this purpose, semi-structured interview tools and theme analysis methods were used, and 11 technological capabilities and 20 mechanisms for capability development were extracted. Among them, 4 mechanisms were in sensing stage, 8 mechanisms were in learning stage, 3 mechanisms were in Integrating stage and 5 mechanisms were in Coordinating stage. The final results were drawn as a conceptual model and approved by a panel of experts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Latecomer firm
  • Higher order capabilities
  • Dynamic capabilities
  • Technological capabilities
  • Learning

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مدیریت توسعه فناوری
دوره 9، شماره 2
(ویژه نامه فرارسی فناورانه)
شهریور 1400
صفحه 91-128

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 بهمن 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 شهریور 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 شهریور 1400

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